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Introduction:

2020 is a very bad year for civilization because of Sarscov- 2. Unfortunatelly, all countries focused on the pandemic and tries to invent an Covid-19 vaccine. In this pandemic, the number of people who drive a vehicle has decreased, the flights have been cancelled and most of factories have been temporarily closed to prevent the pandemic. According to some analyses, CO2 emission of the world was reduced due to coronavirus. China has led this enviromental problem. In China, carbon dioxide emission fell down almost to 18% between February and March. However, this was not for long and China’s emissions has risen again after restarting its factories[1], [2]. One of the biggest factor causing carbon dioxide emission is production of metals in industry. Aluminum is one of them. In the world, China is the leader manufacturer of aluminum with estimated 9085 thousand metric tonnes in first quarter of this year (from Your text to link here...) and every passing day, the global demand of aluminum increases. Aluminum has great corrosion resistance with good strength and low density. In mobile applications, aluminium provides energy saving much more and reduces CO2 emission. For example, a car with 1 kg aluminium prevents 19 kg CO2 emissions to the nature. However, although aluminum has these benefits, the production (bayer process) of aluminum (primary) containing bauxite mixing and purification of alumina requires more energy. That’s why aluminium recycling in industry plays an important role. There are quite positive benefits of recycling aluminum compared with primary aluminum. One of these is energy saving. As seen Fig.1, 113 GJ energy is required to produce one tonne pure aluminium from bauxite while 13.6 GJ energy is enough to manufacture one tonne aluminum from scrap (include transportation, melting operations, preparation). It means that 95 % energy saving is provided by recycling aluminum[3]. The another one is that reducing solid wastes during production in recycling. Primary aluminium can never produced without mine wastes, red mud residues. According to some reports, to produce one tonne aluminium metal, we need bauxite ore more than 5 tonne. Another example is that 8 kg bauxite can be saved with 1 kg of aluminum beverage can scraps[4]. On the other hand, the wastes in recycling are much less than primary metals. Recycling of aluminium scraps has ecological advantages reducing carbon dioxide emission. Fossil fuel for purification of aluminium ore and electricity for electrolysis is used and as result of chemical reactions in these process, carbon dioxide is emitted to the world. If aluminium produce from the scraps, the emission can be reduced by 95
%[3].

Scrap types:

There are three main aluminium scraps in the refinery: Home scrap, Old scrap and New scrap. Home scraps take place in smelting or in refining of primary and secondary aluminum production. Home scraps are recycled again instead of entering into the market. New scraps (i.e manufacturer scraps) take place during manufacturing of aluminum products. Trimmings, clipping and borings can be given as examples for new scraps. New scraps make the recovering and seperation easier because the composition of materials is known. Old scraps are recovered from products which complete life-cycle. These products are window frames, beverage cans, automobile parts[5].

Conclusion:

Our world is in a difficult situation due to climate change. Mining will never end and we will continue to pollute the atmosphere. However, we can minimize this by recycling materials. Aluminum is an invaluable example for this. Aluminum can be recycled forever without losing its quality. We can save the economy by saving energy. Your text to link here...

[img]https://prnt.sc/t7epkm[/img]

REFERENCES:

[1] LAURI MYLLYVIRTA, “As China emerges from one of the most serious epidemics of the century – even as much of the rest of the world remains in a coronavirus crisis – the country’s energy demand and emissions are beginning to return to normal.”

[2] M. STONE, “Carbon emissions are falling sharply due to coronavirus. But not for long.” [Online]. Available: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/0 4/coronavirus-causing-carbon-emissions-to-fall-butnot- for-long/.

[3] J. Cui and H. J. Roven, “Recycling of automotive aluminum,” Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (English Ed., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 2057–2063, 2010.

[4] R. Beheshti, Sustainable Aluminum and Iron Production, no. November 2016. 2017.

[5] J. Blomberg and P. Söderholm, “The economics of secondary aluminium supply: An econometric analysis based on European data,” Resour. Conserv.