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International Women's Day (IWD) is celebrated on March 8th every year.

It is a focal point in the movement for women's rights.


Historical backgroun😛

The earliest Women's Day observance called "National Woman's Day" was held on February 28, 1909 in New York, organized by the Socialist Party of America at the suggestion of Theresa Malkiel.

The 1910 International Socialist Woman's Conference was organized to precede the general meeting of the Socialist Second International in Copenhagen, Denmark. Inspired in part by the American socialists, German Socialist Luise Zietz proposed the establishment of an annual Women's Day and was seconded by fellow socialist and later communist leader Clara Zetkin, supported by Käte Duncker, although no date was specified at that conference. Delegates (100 women from 17 countries) agreed with the idea as a strategy to promote equal rights including suffrage for women suggested a Women's Day be held annually.

After women gained suffrage in Soviet Russia in 1917, March 8 became a national holiday there. The day was then predominantly celebrated by the socialist movement and communist countries until it was adopted in 1975 by the United Nations.






Today:

Today, International Women's Day is a public holiday in some countries and largely ignored elsewhere. In some places, it is a day of protest; in others, it is a day that celebrates womanhood.

The day is an official holiday in Afghanistan, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, China (for women only), Cuba, Georgia, Guinea-Bissau, Eritrea, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Madagascar (for women only), Moldova, Mongolia, Nepal, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, and Zambia.

In some countries, such as Cameroon, Croatia, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria and Chile, the day is not a public holiday, but is widely observed nonetheless.

On this day it is customary for men to give the women in their lives – friends, mothers, wives, girlfriends, daughters, colleagues, etc. – flowers and small gifts.

In some countries (such as Bulgaria and Romania) it is also observed as an equivalent of Mother's Day, where children also give small presents to their mothers and grandmothers. In Russia, the day has lost all political context through the time, becoming simply a day to honor women and feminine beauty.






Curiosity:

In Italy, to celebrate the day, men give yellow mimosas to women. Communist politician Teresa Mattei chose the mimosa in 1946 as the symbol of IWD in Italy because she felt that the French symbols of the day, violets and lily-of-the-valley, were too scarce and expensive to be used effectively in Italy.







Other holidays honoring women:

National Women's Day (August 9, South Africa)
Susan B. Anthony Day (February 15, USA)
Rosa Parks Day (February 4 / December 1, USA)
National Girls and Women in Sports Day (one day first week of February, USA)
Harriet Tubman Day (March 10, USA)
Kartini Day (April 21, Indonesia)
Helen Keller Day (June 27, USA)
Women's Equality Day (August 26, USA)
Mother's Day
Nupi Lan Day (December 12, India)






Source: Wikipedia


HRVATSKA VERZIJA:



Međunarodni dan žena (IWD) slavi se 8. ožujka svake godine.

To je žarišna točka u pokretu za prava žena.


Povijesna pozadina:

Najranije obilježavanje Dana žena pod nazivom "Dan nacionalne žene" održano je 28. veljače 1909. u New Yorku, u organizaciji Socijalističke partije Amerike na prijedlog Terezije Malkiel.

Međunarodna socijalistička ženska konferencija 1910. bila je organizirana prije općeg sastanka Druge socijalističke internacionale u Kopenhagenu, Danska. Nadahnuta djelomice američkim socijalistima, njemačka socijalistička stranka Luise Zietz predložila je uspostavu godišnjeg Dana žena, a koju je u tome poduprla njena kolegica socijalistička i kasnije komunistička vođa Clara Zetkin, podržana od Käte Duncker.

Iako na toj konferenciji nije bio naveden datum. Delegati (100 žena iz 17 zemalja) složili su se s idejom da će strategija promicanja jednakih prava, uključujući pravo glasa za žene, predlagati da se Dan žena održava jednom godišnje.

Nakon što su žene dobile pravo glasa u Sovjetskoj Rusiji 1917., 8. ožujka je postao nacionalni praznik. Taj dan su tada uglavnom slavili socijalistički pokret i komunističke zemlje sve dok ga Ujedinjeni narodi nisu usvojili 1975. godine.


Danas:

Danas je Međunarodni dan žena u nekim zemljama državni praznik, a negdje drugdje uglavnom ignoriran.

Na nekim mjestima to je dan prosvjeda; u drugima je to dan koji slavi ženstvenost.
Dan je službeni praznik u Afganistanu, Angoli, Armeniji, Azerbejdžanu, Bjelorusiji, Burkini Faso, Kambodži, Kini (samo za žene), Kubi, Gruziji, Gvineji Bisau, Eritreji, Kazahstanu, Kirgistanu, Laosu, Madagaskaru (samo za žene) ), Moldavija, Mongolija, Nepal, Rusija, Tadžikistan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukrajina, Uzbekistan, Vijetnam i Zambija.

U nekim zemljama, kao što su Kamerun, Hrvatska, Rumunjska, Bosna i Hercegovina, Bugarska i Čile, dan nije državni praznik, ali je ipak općenito promatran.

Na ovaj dan je uobičajeno da muškarci u životu darivaju žene - prijateljice, majke, žene, djevojke, kćeri, kolegice itd. - cvijećem i malim darovima.

U nekim zemljama (kao što su Bugarska i Rumunjska) također se promatra kao ekvivalent Majčinom danu, gdje djeca također daruju male majke i bake. U Rusiji je taj dan izgubio sav politički kontekst kroz vrijeme, postajući jednostavno dan poštovanja žena i ženske ljepote.


Kuriozitet:

U Italiji, kako bi proslavili taj dan, muškarci ženama daju žute mimoze. Komunistička političarka Teresa Mattei izabrala je mimozu 1946. kao simbol IWD-a u Italiji, jer je smatrala da su francuski simboli dana, ljubičica i đurđica bili previše oskudni i skupi da bi se mogli učinkovito koristiti u Italiji.


Ostali blagdani u čast žena:

National Women's Day (August 9, South Africa)
Susan B. Anthony Day (February 15, USA)
Rosa Parks Day (February 4 / December 1, USA)
National Girls and Women in Sports Day (one day first week of February, USA)
Harriet Tubman Day (March 10, USA)
Kartini Day (April 21, Indonesia)
Helen Keller Day (June 27, USA)
Women's Equality Day (August 26, USA)
Mother's Day
Nupi Lan Day (December 12, India)


Izvor: Wikipedia